Cannabis Accounting Firm

Cannabis accounting
built for dispensaries
and MSOs.

420Ledger is a cannabis accounting firm serving dispensaries and multi-state operators across 27 states. we handle dispensary bookkeeping, 280E tax compliance, state tax filings, and payroll — with the precision this industry demands.

280E
Specialist
27
States Covered
MSO
Ready
100%
Cannabis Focused
What we do
📒
Monthly Bookkeeping & Close
POS import, bank rec, payroll entries — closed monthly with 280E treatment built in.
Core
⚖️
280E Tax Compliance & Filing
Maximize your COGS allocation. Every deduction documented and defensible.
Core
🏢
MSO & Multi-State Accounting
Consolidated financials, intercompany eliminations, per-location state tax.
MSO
💼
Payroll Compliance
ADP, Paychex & Gusto. 941s, W-2s, and employee cost allocation for 280E.
Core
🌿
New License Onboarding
Chart of accounts, opening balances, compliance calendar — set up before your first sale.
Core
METRC-Integrated Reporting
Dutchie, Treez & Square POS
ADP, Paychex & Gusto Payroll
27-State Tax Framework
Audit-Ready 280E Documentation
MSO Consolidated Reporting
The Problem

Why dispensaries need a
cannabis accounting specialist.

IRC §280E is the most punishing provision in US tax law. Without a 280E specialist, dispensaries routinely overpay by tens of thousands of dollars — every single year.

$150k
average annual overpayment for a $2M dispensary with a generic CPA
70%+
effective federal tax rate under 280E without proper COGS optimization
100%
of our clients are cannabis operators — we work exclusively in this industry
01

Generic CPAs use generic tools

Standard QuickBooks workflows and expense categorization are completely wrong for cannabis. The result is massive, preventable overpayment and zero audit protection.

02

Misclassification costs $50k–$2M+ per year

A $2M single-location dispensary can overpay the IRS by $50k–$150k annually from misclassified payroll and expenses. Multi-state operators face $300k–$2M+ in avoidable federal tax. That's money that should stay in the business.

03

Cannabis compliance is its own discipline

NJ excise tax, METRC reporting, multi-state 280E decoupling, MSO consolidations — this isn't a niche. It demands a firm that was built for exactly this.

Our Services

Dispensary bookkeeping &
280E tax compliance services.

We handle everything your dispensary needs to stay compliant and profitable — from daily transaction categorization to year-end 280E tax filings, with cannabis-specific compliance at every step.

Dutchie · Square · Treez POS
ADP · Paychex · Gusto Payroll
NJ Excise Tax Filing
METRC Compliance
Audit-Ready Documentation

Monthly Bookkeeping

Full-service monthly close with cannabis-specific categorization, payroll integration, and reconciliation — every month, on time.

  • POS & bank transaction import (Dutchie, Square, Treez)
  • 280E expense tagging & allocation
  • Payroll journal entries (ADP, Paychex, Gusto)
  • Monthly P&L, balance sheet & cash flow
  • Balance sheet validation every close
  • Client portal — view your financials anytime

Tax Prep & 280E Filing

We maximize your COGS allocation and prepare every state and federal filing — documented and defensible for audit.

  • COGS vs. disallowed expense analysis
  • Employee cost allocation by function
  • NJ cannabis excise tax — quarterly filing
  • Federal estimated tax schedule (1120-S / 1065)
  • Form 941 preparation & support
  • Year-end tax packet — CPA-ready, 9 documents

Compliance & Reporting

Audit-ready financials, owner reporting, and a compliance calendar that keeps you ahead of every deadline.

  • METRC compliance reporting
  • Owner capital accounts & K-1 prep
  • AP & AR management
  • Fixed assets register & depreciation
  • Compliance calendar — 941, excise, estimated tax
  • Audit support & IRS documentation

Payroll Compliance

We connect directly to your payroll provider and handle the cannabis-specific categorization standard firms miss entirely.

  • ADP, Paychex & Gusto direct integration
  • Employee function tagging for 280E allocation
  • Payroll-to-COGS allocation maximization
  • W-2 summary export & year-end prep
  • Biweekly journal entry automation

New License Onboarding

Get your books set up correctly from day one — chart of accounts, opening balances, compliance calendar, and first-month close.

  • Cannabis-specific chart of accounts
  • Opening balance sheet setup
  • Owner & shareholder capital accounts
  • Compliance calendar activated on day one
  • POS & bank import configured
  • Engagement letter & onboarding checklist
NJ AZ

MSO & Multi-State

Running multiple locations across state lines? We handle consolidated reporting, per-location state tax, and intercompany eliminations.

  • Consolidated MSO P&L & balance sheet
  • Per-location 280E workpapers
  • 27-state tax framework — correct rules automatically
  • State 280E decoupling — where it applies
  • Intercompany eliminations & mgmt fee tracking
  • MSO tax prep packet — all locations, one document
Multi-State Operators

MSO cannabis accounting
across every state.

Running dispensaries across NJ, AZ, and beyond means navigating different excise taxes, different 280E decoupling rules, and a federal return that consolidates everything. We built the infrastructure for multi-state cannabis operators.

27 States Supported
Intercompany Eliminations
MSO Tax Packet PDF
01

Per-Location State Tax — Automatically Correct

Each location gets the right state tax rate, excise treatment, and 280E decoupling status for its state — no manual configuration required.

02

Intercompany Eliminations

Management fees, payroll allocations, and inventory transfers between locations are tracked and eliminated at the MSO parent level — clean consolidations, every time.

03

Consolidated 280E at the Parent Level

Your MSO entity's federal return requires blended 280E disallowance across all subsidiaries. We compute it correctly — by location, by state, and in aggregate.

04

MSO Tax Packet — One PDF, Every Location

Cover page, state tax comparison, per-location 280E workpapers, and intercompany eliminations schedule — one complete document for your CPA.

MSO Dashboard — Green Leaf Group
Client Structure
📁
Green Leaf Group
MSO Parent · 2 locations
MSO
🏪
GLG - Morristown
New Jersey · Retail
NJ
🏪
GLG - Scottsdale
Arizona · Retail
AZ
Consolidated — Q1 2026
Consolidated Revenue$584,000
Blended 280E Disallowance($182,400)
NJ Excise Tax($11,680)
NJ State Benefit (Decoupled)+$16,400
Federal Taxable Income$401,600
Effective Tax Rate34.2%
IRC Section 280E

280E tax compliance
that keeps more money in your dispensary.

280E disallows ordinary business deductions for cannabis operators — but COGS is still deductible. The gap between a correct and incorrect 280E strategy is significant: single location operators save $50k–$150k per year. Multi-state operators unlock $300k–$2M+ in annual optimization potential.

COGS Maximization
State Decoupling Applied
Audit Defense Documentation
🎯

Maximize the COGS Bucket

We identify every employee and cost that can be legitimately allocated to inventory acquisition and handling — then document it for audit defense.

🗺️

State Decoupling — Know Where It Helps

23 states — including California, Colorado, New York, Illinois, and New Jersey — have decoupled from federal 280E, allowing normal business deductions on state returns. We apply the right treatment automatically per location.

🛡️

Audit-Ready Before the IRS Asks

Every 280E decision is documented before the IRS asks. Our audit defense package includes: COGS allocation reports with cost-flow methodology, employee time allocation logs by department, inventory costing support under IRC §471, and written 280E position memos for each entity. The paper trail exists before you need it.

Sample 280E Analysis — $2M Revenue Dispensary
Gross Revenue$2,000,000
Inventory (COGS)($860,000)Deductible
Receiving & Purchasing Payroll($40,000)COGS
↳ COGS Allocated Payroll($40,000)
↳ Non-Allocable Payroll($0)
All Other Payroll($260,000)Disallowed
Rent & Utilities($84,000)Disallowed
NJ Excise Tax($48,000)Disallowed
Federal Taxable Income $1,100,000
💡 Only inventory cost and directly related labor are deductible under 280E. Correct allocation of receiving/purchasing payroll to COGS saved this operator $12,000 in federal tax versus a standard approach.

Allocations based on IRS guidance, IRC §471, and applicable case law. Final treatment depends on entity structure, accounting method, and operational facts. This is illustrative only.

Client Outcomes

The work pays for itself.

Correct 280E strategy changes the entire tax picture. Here's what that looks like across real clients.

NJ Dispensary · $2M Revenue · Retail
$70K
estimated annual tax savings
Additional COGS identified +$40,000
Federal taxable income reduction −$200,000

COGS reallocation identified an additional $40,000 in deductible inventory costs. Correct allocation of receiving and purchasing payroll drove the full reduction.

Colorado MSO · $8M Revenue · 3 Locations
$385K
estimated annual tax savings
Consolidated taxable income reduced −$1,100,000
Locations with per-site 280E allocation 3 of 3

Intercompany eliminations and per-location 280E allocation reduced consolidated taxable income by $1.1M. Each location's COGS bucket was optimized independently.

New York Dispensary · $3.5M Revenue · Retail
$140K
combined federal + state annual savings
State taxable income reduced −$290,000
NY decoupling from 280E Applied

NY state decoupling benefit applied across all disallowed operating expenses. State taxable income reduced by $290,000 — unlocking savings unavailable under a federal-only approach.

Results vary by entity structure, state, and operational profile. Book a free consultation to see what's possible for your operation.

How We Work

New license onboarding &
monthly close — four steps.

From first call to first close, the process is fast, structured, and built so you never have to explain cannabis accounting to your accountant again.

Step 01

Free Consultation

30-minute call. We review your current setup, identify 280E exposure, and tell you exactly what's being done wrong.

📞 30 min · No commitment
Step 02

Onboarding & Setup

Chart of accounts, opening balances, owner structure, POS integration, and payroll connection — fully configured before your first transaction.

⚙️ 1–2 weeks to full setup
Step 03

Monthly Close

We import your POS, bank, and payroll data, categorize every transaction with 280E treatment, and send you a clean monthly report.

📊 Reports delivered by the 10th
Step 04

Tax Filing & Compliance

Quarterly NJ excise, federal estimated payments, 941s, and year-end tax package — everything filed on time, with full documentation.

✅ Never miss a deadline
Pricing

Cannabis bookkeeping
pricing & plans.

Flat monthly rates. No hourly billing, no surprise invoices. Pick the level that matches where your operation is today.

💰
Most clients save $40,000–$120,000 in the first year
Through proper 280E optimization alone — before accounting for avoided penalties and audit costs.
See Your Savings →
Foundation
$1,500
– $2,500
per month · starter dispos & small ops
Get compliant and clean.
  • Monthly bookkeeping & close
  • Bank + POS reconciliation
  • P&L and balance sheet reports
  • 280E transaction tracking
  • Client portal access
Get Started
Operator / MSO
$4,000
– $7,500+
per month · multi-entity & MSOs
Full-stack accounting for complex operations.
  • Everything in Growth
  • Multi-entity & MSO bookkeeping
  • Consolidated reporting across all locations
  • KPI dashboard & performance tracking
  • Cash flow & margin reporting
  • Intercompany eliminations & MSO tax prep
  • Dedicated accountant — direct access
Get Started

All engagements start with a free consultation. Book yours →

About

Built because
no one else did it right.

"Every dispensary owner I talked to said the same thing — 'our accountant uses QuickBooks and we just hope for the best.'"

420Ledger started from a simple observation: cannabis operators were being underserved by a profession that had never taken the industry seriously. Generic tools, generic workflows, and generic advice — costing clients tens of thousands in preventable overpayment every year.

We built the infrastructure from scratch. A purpose-built accounting platform with 280E compliance, multi-state tax logic, MSO consolidations, and payroll integration all native to the system. Then we built a firm around it. No retrofitted QuickBooks. No guesswork.

420
420Ledger
Cannabis Accounting Services · NJ-Based · 27-State Coverage
🌿

Purpose-Built, Not Retrofitted

Not a legacy firm with a cannabis practice bolted on. Every system, workflow, and process was designed specifically for this industry.

🏛️

NJ-Based, 27-State Ready

Deep NJ cannabis regulatory expertise, with multi-state tax logic for operators expanding across markets.

🏢

MSO Infrastructure

Dedicated MSO tax engine — consolidated reporting, intercompany eliminations, and per-location state tax in one system.

🛡️

Audit-Ready Always

Every 280E decision is documented before the IRS asks. Full workpapers, allocation schedules, defensible positions on every engagement.

Common Questions

Cannabis accounting,
answered.

The questions dispensary owners ask us most — answered plainly, without jargon.

What is 280E and how does it affect my cannabis business?

IRS Code §280E disallows most standard business deductions for cannabis companies because cannabis remains federally classified as a Schedule I substance. This significantly increases your effective tax rate — often above 70% without proper planning. 420Ledger structures your books to maximize your Cost of Goods Sold (COGS), the one deduction cannabis businesses can legally claim under 280E.

Do I need a cannabis-specific accountant for my dispensary?

Yes. General accountants are rarely familiar with 280E, state-specific cannabis excise taxes, or the chart of accounts structures cannabis businesses require. Using a generalist often results in missed COGS deductions, compliance errors, and IRS exposure that can cost $50,000–$150,000 per year at a single location. 420Ledger specializes exclusively in cannabis accounting.

What is included in monthly cannabis bookkeeping?

Monthly cannabis bookkeeping at 420Ledger includes POS and bank transaction import (Dutchie, Square, Treez), 280E expense tagging and COGS allocation, payroll journal entries (ADP, Paychex, Gusto), bank reconciliation, monthly P&L and balance sheet reports, and client portal access. Reports are delivered by the 10th of each month.

What is MSO cannabis accounting?

MSO (Multi-Site Operator) cannabis accounting handles the consolidated financials for cannabis companies with multiple dispensary locations across one or more states. It includes per-location state tax compliance, intercompany eliminations, blended 280E disallowance calculations across subsidiaries, and a consolidated tax prep packet covering all locations in one document.

How much does cannabis accounting cost?

420Ledger's monthly plans start at $1,500–$2,500/mo for the Foundation tier (single-location dispensaries), $2,500–$4,000/mo for the Growth tier (multi-location operators), and $4,000–$7,500+/mo for the Operator/MSO tier. All plans are flat monthly rates — no hourly billing or surprise invoices. Book a free consultation for a custom quote.

What states does 420Ledger serve?

420Ledger provides cannabis accounting and dispensary bookkeeping services across 27 legal cannabis states. We are headquartered in New Jersey with deep NJ Cannabis Regulatory Commission expertise, and serve clients nationwide — including MSOs operating across multiple states such as Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, New York, and more.

Is 420Ledger a CPA firm?

420Ledger is a tax preparation and bookkeeping firm specializing in cannabis. We are not a CPA or EA firm. We focus on cannabis bookkeeping, 280E tax preparation, payroll compliance, and financial reporting for plant-touching businesses across 27 states.

Get Started

Book a free cannabis
accounting consultation.

First consultation is free. We'll review your current setup, identify 280E exposure, and tell you exactly what it would cost to fix it.

Free
First Consultation
30
Minute Session
100%
Cannabis Focused